Abstract: The development of diabetes often involves various complications, which exhibit certain gender differences. Many studies indicate that in women with diabetes, the disorder of estrogen level is closely associated with diabetic complications. Estrogens can regulate the occurrence and development of diseases through anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress. This article reviews the research progress on the role of estrogen level disorders in women in the occurrence and development of diabetic complications, with the aim of providing some reference for clinical sex hormone replacement therapy and related research.