Abstract: Gynecological malignancies, mainly including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and gestational trophoblastic tumor, seriously threaten the lives and health of women. Traditional therapies for gynecological malignant tumors have such problems as recurrence, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. The conventional chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment process have such defects as poor targeting specificity, strong toxicity, and side effects, while the rapidly developing nanomedicine has brought hope for the treatment of gynecological malignancies in reducing toxicity, enhancing tumor-suppressing effect, limiting tumor metastasis, and inhibiting drug resistance. This article briefly introduces several common gynecological malignancies, and reviews the drug delivery strategies based on novel nanocarriers and the therapeutic strategies for gynecological tumors mediated by nano-drug delivery systems, in order to provide theoretical basis for the development and clinical translation of nanomedicines for the treatment of gynecological malignancies.