Abstract: Tumor immunotherapy achieves therapeutic goals by reactivating the host's anti-tumor immune system. Although this strategy has achieved significant efficacy in some patients, the low response rate, drug resistance, immune-related side effects and other issues still greatly limit its clinical application. Therefore, functional immunomodulatory nanocarriers integrating targeting and therapeutic properties have been developed to address these challenges. It can not only achieve directional delivery of immune drugs to tumor sites and reduce their toxicity, but also mobilize autoimmune regulation and enhance immune efficacy. Based on this, the design principle and regulation mechanism of this type of nanocarriers are emphatically expounded by taking the basic principles of tumor immunotherapy as the breakthrough point and the types of preparation materials as the classification basis. And the immunomodulatory nanocarriers in synergistically enhanced immunotherapy are systematically reviewed, hoping to provide some reference for further development of synergistic immunotherapy vectors.