Abstract: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB) is the main obstacle to effective prevention and control of tuberculosis, due mainly to the long-term lack of effective drugs for the therapeutic regimen. Chemotherapy has been the fundamental approach to the treatment of tuberculosis, using streptomycin and fluoroquinolones at the beginning, then drugs such as linezolid, bedaquiline and clofazimine, with decades of years for the innovation and development in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. This article introduces the updated international treatment guidelines and discusses the treatment characteristics of different anti-tuberculosis drugs, their role changes in MDRTB treatment, and the prospects of their application in China.