Abstract: Glucocorticoid (GC) plays an important role in the treatment of many autoimmune diseases. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is one of the major adverse effects of GC therapy. Due to the lack of full understanding of GIOP, prompt and appropriate prevention and treatment are not available to many patients receiving long-term GC therapy. This article mainly discusses epidemiology, mechanism, risk factors and the treatment program of GIOP based on the latest GIOP-related guideline and literature, so as to provide a reference for prevention and treatment of GIOP in clinical practice.