Abstract: Chinese herbal medicine-related renal damage is very common in clinical practice and is an important cause of renal tubular interstitial damage, renal insufficiency and acute exacerbation of chronic kidney disease, yet our understanding of it still remains quite limited. Represented by aristolochic acid nephropathy, this paper introduces the common pathogenic drugs, development mechanism and influence factors, the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the renal damage, aiming to improve our understanding of Chinese herbal medicine-related renal damage and the importance through timely diagnosis and correct control, and to effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence and development of Chinese herbal medicine-related renal damage.