Abstract: The Janus kinases (JAKs) belong to the family of cytokine receptor-associated tyrosine kinases and mediate signaling pathway that can be activated by different cytokines, thus playing a critical role in the physiological activities of human body. The inactivation, mutation and overexpression of the proteins in this pathway will lead to severe symptoms including autoimmune diseases, malignant carcinoma and hematological disorders. Therefore, the development of JAKs-targeted inhibitors is of a great clinical significance for the treatment of these diseases. This paper briefly discussed the structure/function of the JAKs family and the relationship between JAKs signaling pathway and diseases, introduced representative JAKs inhibitors in detail and analyzed the structures, targets and indications of these inhibitors, providing new ideas for the development of novel JAKs inhibitors.