外泌体作为潜在肿瘤标志物的定量检测方法研究进展

Research Progress in Quantitative Detection Methods of Exosomes as Potential Tumor Markers

摘要: 外泌体是一种直径大小为40～150 nm 的细胞外囊泡，分布于几乎所有体液中。作为肿瘤液体活检的新靶标，癌细胞来源的外泌体包含多种肿瘤生物信息，对肿瘤早期诊断和预后评价有重要的应用价值。对外泌体蛋白的定量检测方法包括荧光法、比色法、电化学法、下一代测序、表面增强拉曼光谱法、表面等离子体共振法的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with the diameter of 40-150 nm, which are distributed in almost all body fluids.As a new target for tumor liquid biopsy, cancer cell-derived exosomes contain a variety of tumor biological information, making them valuable for early tumor diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.This paper reviews the research progress in quantitative detection methods of exosomal proteins.The methods discussed include fluorescence, colorimetry, electrochemistry, next-generation sequencing, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance.