Abstract: Objective This study aimed to analyze the application value of ciprofol combined with low-dose esketamine in painless abortion surgery. Methods 150 painless abortion patients admitted to Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from October 2023 to February 2024 were randomly divided into a control group (n= 75, using propofol combined with low-dose esketamine) and a study group (n=75, using ciprofol combined with low-dose esketamine) using a random number table. The application effects of the two groups were compared. Results The awakening and eye-opening time and the time for spontaneous breathing recovery of the study group were earlier than those of the control group (P＜0.05), and the pain scores upon awakening and at various time points after awakening were also lower (P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, patients in the study group had higher heart rate, mean arterial pressure levels 2 minutes after anesthesia, and higher heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and saturation of peripheral oxygen levels at the time of anesthesia recovery (P＜0.05). The levels of norepinephrine, cortisol, and interleukin-6 in the study group were lower than those in the control group at the end of surgery and 24 hours after surgery, and the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone were lower than those in the control group at the end of surgery (P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The application of ciprofol combined with low-dose esketamine anesthesia in painless abortion surgery can stabilize hemodynamics, reduce stress response and uterine contraction pain, and shorten anesthesia recovery time, and has good safety.