Abstract: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in human, among which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)accounts for 80% of the total. With the discovery of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, NSCLC has entered the era of targeted therapy. Patients with NSCLC have a good clinical benefit initially after the treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but most patients develop resistance after a period of time. This paper introduces EGFR, EGFR-TKIs and the related drug resistance mechanisms, and summarizes the research progress of new generation EGFR-TKIs, hoping to provide reference for the subsequent research on EGFR-TKIs.