Abstract: Tumor immunotherapy aims to activate targeted anti-tumor immune response through the immune system. It is crucial to activate tumor immune cells for immunotherapy. Adoptive cell therapy is designed to improve immune activation ability by modifying and amplifying immune cells in vitro, which are then infused back into the patient for anti-tumor effect. In addition to CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T-cell ) therapy, which has been widely used in clinical practice, novel therapies such as TCR-T (T cell receptor T-cell)therapy, TIL (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) therapy, CAR-NK (chimeric antigen receptor-engineered natural killer cell) therapy and CAR-M (chimeric antigen receptor macrophage) therapy have also entered clinical trials in recent years. This article mainly summarizes recent research advances of adoptive cell therapy in the hope of providing reference for the development of tumor immunotherapy-based adoptive cell therapy.