Abstract: Malignant tumor is the world's biggest health killer threatening human life. Clinically, more than 90% of solid tumor treatment is still not satisfactory, especially early diagnosis and poor prognosis. Radionuclide drug conjugates are emerging tumor precision drugs developed based on radionuclide-targeting ligand molecular coupling technique. It uses tumor antigen-specific molecular carrier delivery to guide radionuclides to precisely target tumors for brachytherapy, which has unique advantages in early diagnosis, stage classification and treatment evaluation of tumors. At present, radionuclide drug conjugates have become a hot topic in the research and development of new antitumor drugs. In this paper, the current research status and clinical application of radionuclide drug conjugates related to somatostatin receptors, prostate specific membrane antigen, CXC chemokine receptor 4, fibroblast activating protein, human epidermal receptor growth factor 2 and neurotensin receptor are reviewed, aiming to provide new clues for solving drug resistance in tumor diagnosis and treatment, and to provide some new ideas for the research and development of novel RDC drugs with high efficiency, specificity and stable biological activity.