创新链/学科链/研发链/产业链

新药研发前沿动态 / 医药领域趋势进展

国外成人疫苗接种实践及对我国的启示

Adult Vaccination Practices Abroad and Their Implications for China

  • 摘要: 成人免疫接种是全生命周期免疫的关键环节,能够有效降低疫苗可预防疾病的负担,并改善公共健康和社会经济发展。针对不同国家在成人免疫规划方面的实践差异,通过文献综述和政策分析,系统梳理了美国、英国、德国等代表性国家或区域的免疫规划体系与成人疫苗接种策略,比较了其在接种政策、服务机制与实施路径上的异同。研究发现,成人疫苗的公共卫生价值已在多个国家受到高度重视,各国在实践形式与具体措施上呈现出多样化趋势。相比之下,我国在推进成人免疫规划的过程中仍面临接种率偏低、服务体系薄弱、经济负担较重以及公众认知不足等多重挑战。中国可借鉴国际经验,加强政策支持和公众教育,提高成人疫苗接种率,推动成人疫苗纳入国家免疫规划,加强我国成人预防接种服务体系的建设。

     

    Abstract: Adult immunization is a key component of life-course immunization, effectively reducing the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases and promoting public health and socioeconomic development. Focusing on the differences in adult immunization practices among different countries, this article conducts a literature review and policy analysis to systematically examine the immunization systems and adult vaccination strategies of representative countries or regions such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, comparing their approaches in terms of vaccination policies, service delivery mechanisms, and implementation pathways. The findings show that the public health value of adult vaccines has been widely recognized in many countries, with diverse practices and measures in place. In contrast, China still faces multiple challenges in advancing adult immunization programs, including low vaccination coverage, underdeveloped service systems, high out-of-pocket costs, and limited public awareness. Drawing on international experience, China can strengthen policy support and public education to increase adult vaccination rates, promote the integration of adult vaccines into the national immunization program, and strengthen the construction of the adult vaccination service system in China.

     

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