Abstract: Antipsychotics, including clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine and aripiprazole, are widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of schizophrenia, and also for the treatment of other psychiatric disorders. Antipsychotics are usually taken orally at a fixed dose. However, for special populations like those with hepatic and renal insufficiency, advanced age, children, pregnancy and co-administration of medications, changes in drug metabolism in the body may occur, leading to an increase or decrease in antipsychotic blood concentration, which in turn leads to differences in drug efficacy and toxicity. Therefore, the in vivo pharmacokinetics of antipsychotics is important for individualized medication. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling can predict the pharmacokinetic characteristics of antipsychotics in various complex clinical situations by adjusting quantitative physiological parameters, which is crucial for adjusting clinically safe and effective therapeutic regimens for special populations. This paper reviews the studies of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of common antipsychotics in special populations, aiming to provide some reference for antipsychotic drug development and rational clinical application.