Abstract: Based on the characteristics of nanoliposome, such as good biocompatibility, surface modifiability, selectivity and targeting, etc., the combination of radionuclide and nanoliposome can accomplish the objective of reducing adverse reaction of radiopharmaceutical, increasing the therapeutic efficiency and targeted concentration. Recently in the field of nuclear medicine and nuclear pharmacy, more and more nuclear nanomedicines have been applied in the clinical researches, showing good development prospects. For the radiolabeled nanoliposome, the research progress of labeling methods, targeting, clinical application, etc., and future application prospects are analyzed and reviewed, aiming to provide a new possibility for the targeted diagnosis and treatment of tumors.