Abstract: As one of the major biological hallmarks of tumors, amino acid metabolic reprogramming participates in the regulation of tumor epigenetic modifications and multiple cellular signal transduction pathways. Meanwhile, numerous evidence indicates that tumor cells achieve immune escape via such reprogramming, which in turn induces tumor cells to develop a treatment-tolerant phenotype. Consequently, targeting amino acid metabolic pathways has become one of the feasible strategies for tumor therapy. This paper systematically summarizes the features of amino acid metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, elucidates the interactions between amino acid metabolism and multiple signaling pathways, and summarizes relevant potential drug targets and the research and development status of corresponding agents, with a prospect of the research directions of amino acid metabolic reprogramming in tumor therapy, so as to provide some reference for tumor therapy targeting amino acid metabolism.