Abstract: With extensive biological activities, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) affect the growth, proliferation and differentiation of a variety of cells, such as vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neurons and astrocytes and are involved in various physiological and pathological repair processes such as growth and development as well as the repair of tissue injury and nerve injury. Currently, a lot of studies have revealed that some FGFs can promote the recovery of nerve injury, such as spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, traumatic brain injury and neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury. In this paper, the role of FGFs in the recovery of nerve injury and related mechanisms were reviewed.