Abstract: Self-powered technology based on nanogenerator, which has developed rapidly since it emerged, can convert mechanical energy of human movement and life activities into electrical energy, which can be used for self-powered physiological signal monitoring, electronic medical devices and controlled drug release. This paper summarizes the latest research progress of drug controlled release application using self-powered technology combined with microneedle, membrane, electroporation, microfluidics and electrochemistry, and proposes the research directions of future precision therapy and challenges for the clinical application of self-powered drug release systems.