Abstract: Latest advances in the research on drug targets for a variety of major diseases, including tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, nerve disorders, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases and metabolic diseases were investigated, based on the papers published in international and domestic journals by Chinese researchers in 2019-2020. New progress of research on drug targets of these major diseases has been summarized in this paper, aiming to provide reference and basis for the research and development of innovative drugs.