Research Progress of PET Imaging Agents Targeting Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer is the most common tumor in the urinary system, and its pathological classification is closely related to the risk of recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, the accurate diagnosis of bladder cancer is of great importance for the development of treatment plans for bladder cancer. Molecular imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) is an important method for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Currently, the most commonly used imaging agent for molecular imaging of bladder cancer is ⁶⁸Gafluorodeoxyglucose (⁶⁸GaFDG), which provides more imaging information for primary tumor assessment, regional lymph node staging, detection of distal metastasis, efficacy evaluation, and recurrence monitoring. Furthermore, other types of imaging agents also provide more options for the diagnosis of bladder cancer, such as ⁶⁸Gamethionine, ⁶⁸Gaacetate, ⁶⁸Gacholine, ⁶⁸Gafibroblast activation protein inhibitors and ImmunoPET imaging agents. They supplement more metabolic information, aiding the diagnosis of bladder cancer through various metabolic pathways, and offering new ideas for risk stratification of bladder cancer imaging. This article reviews the latest research progress of PET imaging agents targeting bladder cancer.