The Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in the Development of Renal Cancer and Prospect of Clinical Application

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common urinary system tumors.85% of RCC belong to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), with the estimated incidence of about 300, 000 new cases each year and a 5-year survival rate of metastatic patients of 10%.Thus, the discovery of RCC diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets is an inevitable requirement to improve the effectiveness of RCC treatment.Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are RNA molecules larger than 200 nucleotides in length with lack of proteincoding ability, have been widely reported in the regulation of the development of RCC.They may function as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene to regulate the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of renal cancer cells via multiple signaling pathways.This review summarizes the recent studies of lncRNAs in renal cancer, in an attempt to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis, prognosis or therapeutic targets of renal cancer.