Advances in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase and the Inhibitors of Its Mutants for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

As an important enzyme of metabolic processes in human body, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is involved in the three carboxylic acid cycle and catalysis of isocitric acid to α-ketoglutarate. IDH mutations lead to the accumulation of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate which is not a normal metabolite in the body. High level 2-HG is closely associated with the occurrence of leukemia and other tumors. Inhibitors of IDH mutants can reduce the level of 2-HG, and therefore have become a hot spot in the development of cancer drugs. Herein, we reviewed the role of IDH mutation in tumors and the advances in the research of mutant IDH inhibitors.